Bull****, there was no "Israel" at that time.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Palestine
Byzantine Period 330=96638 CE
* Byzantines rename the entire geographic area as Palaestina
("Palestine")
The Land of Palestine became part of the Eastern Roman Empire
("Byzantium") after the division of the Roman Empire into east and
west (a fitful process that was not finalized until 395 CE).
Around year 390 CE, the Byzantines redrew the borders of the Land of
Palestine. The various Roman provinces (Syria Palaestina, Samaria,
Galilee, and Peraea) were reorganized into three diocese of
Palaestina. According to historian H.H. Ben-Sasson[4], under
Diocletian (284-305) the region was divided into Palaestina Prima
which was Judea, Samaria, Idumea, Peraea and the coastal plain with
Caesarea as capital, Palaestina Secunda which was Galilee, Decapolis,
Golan with Beth-shean as capital, and Palaestina Tertia which was the
Negev with Petra as capital.
In the year 351 CE, the Jews launched another revolt, provoking heavy
retribution.
In year 438 CE, Empress Eudocia allows Jews to return to Jerusalem to
live.
The Nabateans roamed the Negev by the Roman Period, and by the
Byzantine Period dominated the swath of sparsely populated deserts,
from the Sinai to the Negev to the northwest coast of Arabia, the
outlands that the Byzantines called the diocese of Palaestina
Salutoris (meaning something like "near Palestine"). Its capital Petra
was formally the capital of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea. The
Nabateans also inhabited the outland of Jordan and southern Syria,
improperly called the diocese of Arabia because its capital Bostra was
within the northern extremity of the Roman province of Arabia Petrae.
The origin of the Nabateans remains obscure, but they were Aramaic
speakers, and the term "Nabatean" was the Arabic name for an Aramean
of Syria and Iraq. By the third century during the Late Roman Period,
the Nabateans stopped writing in Aramaic and began writing in Greek,
and by the Byzantine Period they converted to Christianity.[5]
The two diocese of Palaestina proper also became increasingly
Christianized. They probably had a Christian majority by the time of
Diocletian.[citation needed] Some areas, like Gaza, were well-known as
pagan holdouts, and remained attached to the wor****p of Dagon and
other deities as their ancestors had been for thousands of years.
[citation needed]
Under Byzantine rule, the region became a center of Christianity,
while retaining significant Jewish and Samaritan communities (although
the Samaritans were greatly reduced following Julianus ben Sabar's
revolt.)
In 613 CE, the Persian Sassanian Empire under Khosrau II invaded
Palaestina. Jews under Benjamin of Tiberias assisted the conquering
Persians, revolting against the Byzantine Empire under Heraclius in
the hopes of controlling Jerusalem autonomously. In 614 CE, the
Persians conquered Jerusalem, destroying most of the churches and
expelling 37,000 Christians. The Jews of Jerusalem gained autonomy to
some degree, but frustrated with its limitations and anticipating its
loss offered to assist the Byzantines in return for amnesty for the
revolt. In 617 CE, the Persians signed a peace treaty with Byzantines.
At that time the Persians betrayed the agreements with the Jews and
expelled the Jewish population from Jerusalem, forbidding them to live
within 3 miles of it. In 625 CE, the Byzantinian army returned to the
area, promising amnesty to Jews who had joined the Persians, and was
greeted by Benjamin of Tiberias. In 629 CE, the Byzantine Emperor
Heraclius marched into Jerusalem at the head of his army with the
sup****t of the Jewish population who had received amnesty.
Nevertheless, upon entry, the Christian priests in Jerusalem convinced
the emperor that God commanded him to kill Jews and therefore his
amnesty was invalid, whereupon the Byzantines massacred the Jews in
Jerusalems and put thousands of Jewish refugees to flight from
Palaestina to Egypt.
In 634 CE, the Byzantine Empire lost control of the entire Mideast.
The Arab Islamic Empire under Caliph Umar conquered Jerusalem along
with the lands of Mesopotamia, Syria, Palaestina, and Egypt.
Islamic Period
Arab Caliphate Period 638=961099 CE
8th century CE: Territory of the Caliphate (1926 map)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Califate_750.jpg
Umayyad Period 638=96750 CE
In 638 CE, the Christians of Jerusalem surrendered to the conquering
armies of the Caliphate (Islamic Empire) under Caliph (Emperor) Umar,
the second of the initial four Ra****dun Caliphs.
Umar allowed seventy families from Tiberias in Galilee to move to
Jerusalem to live.
In Arabic, the area approximating the Byzantine Diocese of Palaestina
I in the south (roughly Judea, Philistia, and southern Jordan) was
called Jund Filastin ( meaning Division of Palestine, as a tax
administrative area[5] , and the Diocese of Palaestina II in the north
(roughly Samaria, Galilee, Golan, and northern Jordan) Jund Jordan.
In 661 CE, with the assassination of Ali, the last of the Ra****dun
Caliphs, Muawiyah I became the uncontested Caliph and founded the
Ummayad Dynasty.
Palestine as described by the medieval Arab geographers. (19th century
map)
Palestine as described by the medieval Arab geographers. (19th century
map)
After the Arabs conquered the Area, waves of Bedouin garrisons began
to settle there.
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